OBJECTIVE:
THEORY:
INSTRUCTIONS
ANSWER 4 QUESTIONS IN ALL SECTION A ANSWER ONE(1) SECTION B ANSWER ANY OTHER 
KEEP REFRESHING FOR MORE UPDATE ABOUT OBJ
(1a)
(i)At output 3AR=TR/TQTR=12,
TQ=3,AR=12/3=$4
(ii)At output 6AR=TR/TQAR=24/6=$4
(II)(i)At output 3MR=DTR/DTQ=12-8/3-1=4/1=$4
(ii)At output 6MC-DTR/DTQ=24-20/6-5=4/1=$4
(III)(i)At output 3MC-DTC/DTQ=12-10/3-2=2/1=$2
(ii)At output 6Mc=DTC/DTQ=9-10/6-1=-1/1=$-1
(1bi)A bag of maize cost $4
(1bii)At output level 2Profit | loss = TR-TC=20-10=$10 (profit)
(1c)The farmer is operating in a perfectly competitive market. In a perfectly competitive market price is determined by the force of the demand and supply.
(3ai)Occupational mobility of labour is the ease with which labour moves from one job to another e.g. banking to teaching.
(3aii)Geographical mobility is the ease with which labour moves from one location to another e.g. A teacher moving from Banjul to Monrovia.
(3aiii)Labour force may be explained as the proportion of the total population of a country who are currently employed or are actively seeking employment.
(3aiv)supply of labour is the amount of labour, measured in person-hours, offered for hire during a given time-period. In other words is the taking population as given, the quantity of labour supplied depends on two main factors.
(3b)(i)Agricultural Development: In a developed agricultural area or wherethere is agricultural development labourmoves from high population to lowpopulation areas during busy seasons.
(ii)Education and Training: The mobility of labour depends on the extent to which Labour is educated and trained. Higher or more a person is educated and skilled. The greater are his chances of moving from one occupations or place to another. Geographical and vertical mobility is very much dependent on education and training.
(iii) Urge to Rise in Life: The inner urge of the workers to rise in life determines the mobility. If workers are optimist and broad minded, they will move to other jobs and places. Differences in language, habits, religion caste etc. will not be hindrances in their mobility.
(iv)Means of Transport and Communication: Well-developed means of transport and communications encourage mobility of labour. The worker knows that in case of emergency at home we can easily communicate with his family on phone or travel back by train within the country or by aero-plane if he is abroad.
5a) A supply schedule is a table that shows the quantity supplied at different prices in the market. A supply curve shows the relationship between quantity supplied and price on a graph. The law of supply says that a higher price typically leads to a higher quantity supplied.
5c) – State of TechnologyTechnological: innovations and inventions tend to make it possible to produce better quality and/or quantity of goods using the same resources. Therefore, the state of technology can increase or decrease the supply of certain goods.- Government Policy: Commodity taxes like excise duty, import duties, GST, etc. have a huge impact on the cost of production. These taxes can raise overall costs. Hence, the supply of goods that are impacted by these taxes increases only when the price increases. On the other hand, subsidies reduce the cost of production and usually lead to an increase in supply.- Price of the Factors of Production: Production of a good involves many costs. If there is a rise in the price of a particular factor of production, then the cost of making goods that use a great deal of that factors experiences a huge increase. The cost of production of goods that use relatively smaller amounts of the said factor increases marginally.- Price of Related Goods: Let’s say that the price of wheat rises. Hence, it becomes more profitable for firms to supply wheat as compared to corn or soya bean. Hence, the supply of wheat will rise, whereas the supply of corn and soya bean will experience a fall.- Price of the Good/ Service:The most obvious one of the determinants of supply is the price of the product/service. With all other parameters being equal, the supply of a product increases if its relative price is higher. The reason is simple. A firm provides goods or services to earn profits and if the prices rise, the profit rises too.
(6a)economic system is a system of production, resource allocation and distribution of goods and services within a society or a given geographic area.
(6bi)Capitalism; is an economic system in which private individuals or businesses own capital goods. In other words The production of goods and services is based on supply and demand in the general market known as a market economy rather than through central planning known as a planned economy or command economy.
(6bii)Socialism; is a populist economic and political system based on public ownership of the means of production. In other words Socialists contend that shared ownership of resources and central planning provide a more equal distribution of goods and services and a more equitable society.
(6biii)mixed economy; is variously defined as an economic system blending elements of a market economy with elements of a planned economy, free markets with state interventionism, or private enterprise with public enterprise
(6c)
(i)Producers, consumers and the workers all enjoy economic freedom and are free to work, as they like. Goods are produced according to the taste, preference and demand of consumers.
(ii)Capitalist system can make changes according to the needs and circumstances of the economy. It has inbuilt flexibility.
(iii)An automatic equilibrium is brought about by the operation of price mechanism and market forces. No central direction is required for the operation of the economy.